流动人口个性化适宜避孕新技术推广模式研究

Analysis on new technological spreading model for the personalized and proper contraception in immigrant population

目的:通过针对不同特征的流动人口个性化的适宜避孕技术、现有资源、流动人口需求的综合评估,总结出适宜流动人口集中地区的个性化适宜避孕节育新技术、新方法推广的最佳模式。方法:采用定性研究和定量研究相结合的方法收集相关资料,在整个过程中将IBP方法、现状分析方法、运作性研究与参与性方法纳入其中,分别在试点前、试点中、试点后对流动人口和服务提供者进行个人访谈和小组集中讨论收集定性资料,同时对流动人口和计划生育服务站的工作人员进行封闭自填式问卷调查以收集定量资料,评价并完善试点方案。结果:制定干预方案实施干预,针对服务对象的基本特征,如年龄特征、生育状况、避孕使用状况、健康状况、性生活状况、避孕意愿等,考虑影响服务对象选择避孕方法的多种因素,包括经济条件、居住条件、生理特点、交通条件、本人避孕意愿等,提供全方位的、适宜的个性化宣教和生殖健康技术保健服务;干预后,99.2%的被调查者对中心避孕服务的总体印象满意及较满意,96.2%的被调查者对候诊时间满意和较满意,98%以上的被调查者对就诊环境、就诊手续、提供的咨询服务、医务人员的态度、医务人员的服务水平、隐私性保护满意及较满意,与干预前期比较,流动人口对服务的满意度大大增加。结论:计划生育服务工作的宣传教育、药具发放、技术服务、健康促进和信息咨询有机结合的服务模式,即"五位一体"模式体现计生服务的个性化特色,促进了优质服务,获得良好社会效益。

Objective： To introduce the optimum model of new technology and new method for the personalized and proper contra- ception and birth control that is proper for concentrated area of the immigrant population. Methods： Both qualitative and quantitative method were adopted to collect information. During the process, IBP method, status quo analysis method, operative research and participative method were used. Personal interview and panel discussion were used to collect qualitative data in the immigrant population and service providers, before, in the middle of, and after the experiment, separately. At the same time, closed and self - reporting questionnaire was used to collect qualitative information in the service personnel from family planning service center and in immigrant population. Results： Considering the basic characters of the service objective, such as age, bearing status, contraception adoption, health, sex life and the inclination of contra- ception, multiple factors influencing the service objective choosing ways of contraception, such as the economic conditions, living conditions, physiological features, traffic conditions and the personal agreement of contraception, an all around, proper, and personalized health educa- tion and an health care service concerning reproductive health was offered. After intervention, 99. 2% respondents showed somehow satisfaction or high satisfaction to the overall image of the center＇s contraception service. 96. 2% respondents showed somehow or high satisfaction to the clinic waiting time. Over 98% respondents showed somehow or high satisfaction to the clinic environment, clinic procedure, consulting service, attitude of medical staff, service of medical staff and privacy protection. Compared with the pre- intervention stage, the satisfaction rate of the immigrants was higher than that in the post - intervention stage. Conclusion： The comprehensive service model of family planning includes publicity and education, medical instrument distribution, technical service, health promotion and information consulting. Five - in - one service model represents the personalization feature of the family planning service, receives excellent social returns.