和谐世界视野下共赢性国际知识产权法律制度的构建

Construction of An All-win International Intellectual Property Legal System from the Perspective of Harmonious World

以TRIPs协议为核心的国际知识产权法律制度存在诸多问题,已经引发国际社会一系列重大矛盾冲突,如TRIPs协议妨碍了技术向发展中国家转移,TRIPs协议没有有效制止生物海盗行为,TRIPs协议损害了各国当地社会尤其是土著社会控制他们自己的基因资源、自然资源和文化资源的能力,TRIPs协议限制了获取专利药品的机会和能力并关涉到健康权的合理有效享有等。通过检视国际知识产权法律制度的嬗变,揭示发达国家种种极端利己主义行为及由此产生的严重后果,从建立和谐世界的角度,借助博弈论透析构建共赢性国际知识产权法律制度对建立和谐世界的重大意义,论证了知识产权国际保护应遵循的"共同而有差别"的指导原则,从体制内修订规则和体制外造法两个方面探讨了共赢性国际知识产权法律制度的构建。

The problems of the existing international intellectual property legal system with TRIPs as its core have triggered off conflicts of tremendous significance in the international community. For instance, TRIPs has hindered the transfer of technology to developing countries; TRIPs has failed to stop bio-piraey; TRIPs has impaired the ability of the local communities, esp. the indigenous peoples of all countries in the world to control their own genetic, natural and cultural resources; TRIPs has restrained chances and capabilities to procure patent medicines, thus getting itself involved in the question of reasonable and effective right to health, etc. This article first scrutinizes the transmutation of the existing international intellectual property system, bringing to light the extreme egotistic conduct behind of some developed countries, and the ensuing grave consequences. Then, from the perspective of building a harmonious world, and with the help of the game theory, it dialyses the great importance of an all-win international intellectual property system for the building of such a world. It further demonstrates the guiding ＂＇Common but with Difference＂ principle which should be observed in the international protection of intellectual property rights, and explores the routes and ways to construct an all- win international intellectual properly system through modifications within the system and law-making outside it.