2007年开江县流行性乙型脑炎监测

Surveillance of Japanese Encephalitis in Kaijiang County in 2007

目的探讨开江县乙脑疫情动态及发病趋势,为防制提供科学依据。方法对2007年乙脑病例进行个案调查,取早期血进行IgM检测,5月取9岁以下儿童血和6～7月各旬分别取猪血进行IgG检测。采用酶联免疫法(ELISA)检测。结果全年发病8例,发病率为1.41/10万,病例呈高度散发点状分布。8月发病占87.50%,男多于女,2～7岁占87.50%。有乙脑疫苗接种史者为25%,后遗症发生率为25%,临床上轻型和普通型占62.50%。2～9岁健康儿童抗体阳性率为20%。猪乙脑抗体阳性率高峰在7月上旬。临床病例血清学确诊率为75%。结论加强农村地区乙脑防治知识的宣传,提高7岁以下儿童乙脑疫苗接种率和覆盖率,做好防蚊灭蚊,是开江县控制乙脑发生和流行的关键措施。

Objective To study the epidemic status and attack tendency of Japanese encephalitis （JE） in Kaijiang county and to provide scientific base for JE prevention and control. Methods All cases of JE were interviewed individually by questionnaire in 2007. JE antibody IgM was tested by collecting blood of JE cases in early stage. Blood of children under 10 years old were collected in each May and that of pigs were collected in each ten days from June to July. All blood serums were tested by ELISA method. Results Eight JE cases were reported in 2007, with incidence rate of 1.41/100 000. The cases were intravenous drip distributed. The incidence in August accounted for 87.50%. The male incidence was more than that of female. Cases aged from 2 to 7 years accounted for 87.50% of total. The immunized cases with JE vaccine accounted for 25%. The sequelae rate of JE cases was 25%. The light and medium cases on clinical accounted for 62. 5%. The positive rate of serum antibody in healthy children aged from 2 to 9 years was 20%. The peak of antibody positive rate of pigs was in early July. The clinical serum diagnosed rate of JE cases was 75%. Conclusions Strengthening propaganda of JE prevention and control knowledge in rural area, increasing JE vaccine immunization rate of children under 7 years old, successfully prevention and control vector mosquitoes for JE will be a good strategy of JE prevention and control in Kaijiang county.