河南烟区植烟土壤养分状况综合评价

Comprehensive evaluation of the status of soil fertility in tobacco-growing areas of Henan Province

测定了河南省10个主要植烟地区3147份土壤样品的养分指标,运用土壤适宜性指数(SFI)对河南烟区土壤养分状况进行了综合评价.结果表明:该区土壤中性偏碱,有机质、速效氮、速效磷、全钾和速效钾含量较高,全氮和全磷含量较低,有效硫、水溶性氯和交换性钙含量偏高,但有效锌和有效硼普遍缺乏;该区土壤肥力存在广泛变异,属于高等级和低等级土壤肥力的面积均较小,分别占该烟区总面积的5.34%和6.29%,属于中等至高等级肥力的土壤占总面积的72.26%;土壤微量元素含量高的地区,其SFI也较高,其中信阳和周口的SFI平均值较高,许昌和济源的SFI平均值较低,其余地区SFI值居中.

3 147 soil samples from 10 main tobacco-growing locations in Henan province were determined, and the status of soil nutrients for Henan tobacco-growing area was evaluated by estimating soil fertility index （SFI） of each soil sample. The results indicated that ：The soil was neutral to slightly alkaline; contents of organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and contents of total potassium and available potassium were rich in Henan tobacco-growing soils, but contents of total nitrogen and total phosphorus in soils were low; contents of available sulfur, water soluble chlorine and exchangeable calcium were high, but the contents of zinc and boron were obviously deficient. There existed significant variation for the soil fertility of Henan tobacco-growing areas. The areas of grade Ⅰ and grade Ⅴ are both smaller, accounting for 5.34% and 6.29%, respectively; the level of grade Ⅲ or above took 72. 26% of total areas. The higher the contents of soil microelements were, the higher the SFI values were. The SFI values were higher for Xinyang and Zhoukou,lower for Xuchang and Jiyuan, and medium for other locations.