渣油热反应体系中第二液相形成与热处理温度的关系

EFFECTS OF HEAT TREATMENT TEMPERATURE ON THE FORMATION OF THE SECOND LIQUID PHASE IN THERMAL REACTION SYSTEMS OF VACUUM RESIDUA

在渣油热反应过程的初期，体系中出现了３类具有不同形貌特征和体相效应的第二液相，热处理温度是影响它们相分离特性的重要因素。热处理温度提高时，所有３类第二液相的相分离点均提前，其中化学第二液相相分离点的提前幅度最大，物理第二液相相分离点的提前幅度最小。物理第二液相的相分离点取决于渣油胶体体系的稳定性。根据渣油体系的胶状结构导出渣油体系的稳定性函数与其ＳＡＲＡ组成的关系为：Ｓ（Ｒｅ／Ａｓｐ，Ａｒ，Ｓａｔ）＝１．３６Ｒｅ／Ａｓｐ＋３．１１Ａｒ－１．８６Ｓａｔ。该式间接地指出了渣油热反应体系中各个虚拟组分对其相分离点的影响。

In the early stage of the thermal reaction of vacuum residua,there appear three categories of the second liquid phases with different morphologies and bulk effects.It was found that the heat treatment temperature(HTT) imposes considerable effect on the phase separation behaviors of the second liquid phase generated in the thermal reaction systems of vacuum residua.Increase of HTT results in the advancement of the onset points of all three kinds of the second liquid phase,with that of the chemical second liquid phase the greatest and that of the physical second liquid phase the smallest.The onset point of the physical second liquid phase depends on the colloidal stability of vacuum residua.Relationship between the stability function of vacuum residua and their SARA compositions was derived,in terms of the colloid form structure of vacuum residua,to assume the following form:S(Re/Asp,Ar,Sat)=136Re/Asp+311Ar-186Sat,which implies the influences of the four pseudopurecomponents of vacuum residua on the onset point of the physical second liquid phase when thermally treated.