家兔急性房颤模型的建立

The Establishment of Rabbit Model of Acute Atrial Fibrillation

目的探讨经快速肺静脉起搏方法制作家兔急性心房颤动(房颤)动物模型的可行性。方法64只家兔随机分为实验组(n=32)及对照组(n=32),对照组为假手术组通过开胸植入食道调搏电极但不起搏,实验组通过开胸植入食道调搏电极(程序刺激与Burst刺激相结合)刺激肺静脉建立家兔急性房颤模型,监测房颤的发生情况、持续时间及房颤时心室率变化情况,同时测定起搏前及房颤发生后心房有效不应期(AERP)的变化,并对心房组织超微结构进行观察。结果实验组经程序刺激诱发出房颤15只,爆发刺激诱发出房颤8只,房颤总诱发率为71.88%;对照组2只发生房颤,房颤发生率为6.25%。实验组房颤持续时间(40.53±3.70)min,对照组(17.05±1.55)min,两者比较有显著性差异(P<0.01)。房颤时心室率[(307.64±2.74)次/min]明显快于基础心率[(227.70±1.02)次/min],有显著性差异(P<0.01);AERP缩短,AERP频率适应不良,与基础状态相比有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组光镜下左心房组织切片HE染色观察到早期炎症表现。结论经快速肺静脉起搏方法制作房颤动物模型成功率高、重复性好,是建立急性房颤模型的有效方法。

Objective To investigate the method of production of animal model of rabbit acute atrial fibrillation feasibility by rapid pacing the pulmonary vein. Methods Sixty-four rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group （n= 32） and the control group （n= 32）. The control group was sham surgery by implanting the esophagus pacing electrode through the open chest, but not pacing. In the experimental group through the implantation of thoracic esophagus Pacing electrode （the process stimulation combined with Burst stimulation） to stimulate rabbit pulmonary vein to establishment of animal model of acute atrial fibrillation, monitoring the incidence of atrial fibrillation. The duration of atrial fibrillation, the change of ventricular rate when fibrillation, at the same time measured the change of atrial effective refractory period （AERP） before pacing and after the atrial fibrillation. Ultrastructure observation of atrium,and statistical analysis also were measured. Results After process pacing induce 15 atrial fibrillation,8 atrial fibrillation induced through Burst stimulation. The total rate of atrial fibrillation induced is 71.88%. In the control group,only 2 oecured atrial fibrillation,the incidence of atrial fibrillation is 6. 25%. In the experimental group, after the occurrence of atrial fibrillation, atrial fibrillation duration time was （40.53±3.70）minutes,compared with the control group,was （17.05±1.55）minutes,the difference was significant（P 〈0.01）. The ventricular rate when Atrial fibrillation （307.64±2.74）min was significantly faster than the basis of heart rate （227.70±1.02）min,and had statistically significant （P〈0.01）. AERP shortening, AERP adapt to the frequency of abnormally, compared with the basis situation was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Through light microscope,the left atrial tissue by HE staining observed the performance of early inflammation. Conclusion The rapid pulmonary vein pacing method to produce a high success rate of animal model of atrial fibrillation, good reproducibility, the establishment of acute atrial fibrillation model is an effective way.