《共产党宣言》的伦理解读——以道德悖论为视角

An Ethical Interpretation of The Communist Manifesto——From the Perspective of Moral Paradox

从伦理学的视角分析,《共产党宣言》所揭示的是一部道德悖论的展现史,是对人的存在二重化的哲学把握。《宣言》中马克思对资本主义制度运用了理性和道义双重批判尺度;人的存在本身所固有的悖论,是"双重尺度"的原初根据。人的存在与本质、个体与类的矛盾的最后解决,有赖于人的实践基础上的"消灭分工"、"消灭私有制"、"消灭劳动"的历史活动,有赖于"每个人的自由发展是一切人的自由发展的条件"的"自由人联合体"的建立。

From the perspective of ethics, ＂The Communist Manifesto＂, which in a sense reveals the history of moral paradox, is a dual philosophical understanding of human existence. In the Manifesto, Marx employs both reason and moral justice to criticize the capitalist system. The inherent paradox of human existence itself is the original source of the ＂double standards＂. The final solutions to the problem between the existence and nature of human beings and the problem between individuals and class depend on the historical activities of ＂the elimination of the division of labor＂ and ＂the eradication of private ownership＂ and ＂the elimination of labor＂ as well as the establishment of ＂the commonwealth of free people＂ in which＂ the free development of each person ＂is the condition of the free development of all people.