引文研究四题

A Study of Four Ancient Quoting Methods

古人引文,时或将同一书的不同篇(卷或章)的文字合于该书或该书作者之"曰"中;古籍中之节引而有问题的甚多,且问题有的还十分严重;古人引某书而"今本所无"者未必就是该书的佚文,所谓"今本所无",或是我们忽于古人引文往往非原原本本者所致;"洋洋至六千言"的《陈政事疏》乃班固撰《贾谊传》时撮述贾谊"疏"文而成。了解古人引文的情况,对相关的研究有着不可替代的作用。

When ancient scholars quoted, they sometimes put the words from different articles （volumes or chapters） in the same book or the section of ＂yue＂ in his book. There are lots of problems in the abridged quotations in ancient books, some of which are rather serious. When ancient scholars claimed that they quoted something within an unknown author, it was not necessarily the case that he could not locate the author of the text. When ancient scholars said ＂the words are unique and are not found in any of today＇s books＂, it may just reveal the fact that the words are not exactly the same as the original. The six - thousand - character - long Chen Zheng Shi Shu by Ban Gu is actually such a ease, an article ＂padded up from many quotations＇from many Shu （Memorandum to the Emperor） by Jia Yi while Ban Gu was writing The Biography ofJia Yi. A study of how our ancient scholars quoted while writing is still of great significance for us in conducting research work.