天津市夏季最大电力负荷过程个例分析

Case Analyses of Tianjin's Daily Maximum Electrical Load Process in Summer

用天气学方法分析了天津市2002—2005年夏季最大电力负荷过程的天气背景场、气象要素场和人体舒适度指数。结果显示,在电力负荷上升阶段,高空由低压槽转为高压脊,副热带高压逐步北抬,地面气压、气温回升,风力减小;峰值阶段,副热带高压完全控制华北地区,地面均压,最高气温多日维持在35℃以上,综合反映气温、相对湿度和风速的舒适度指数超过1200。当高空槽再次临近,副热带高压南撤退出天津地区,强降水过程出现,气温、气压急剧下降,电力负荷极值过程宣告结束。分析表明,夏季最大电力负荷过程与天气系统的高低空配置、气象要素、舒适度指数存在一定规律性。

The synoptic background, meteorological factor field and comfort index of Tianjin＇s daily maximum electrical load process in Summer from 2002 to 2005 are discussed by the synoptic method. The results show that when the maximum electrical load is increasing, the trough changes into the ridge in the upper air, the subtropical high （SH） gradually moves northward, the surface level pressure （SLP） and temperature increase, and wind speed decreases. In the phase of the peak, the SH completely controls the northern China, the SLP is uniform and maximum air temperatures are constantly above 35℃ for days. The comfort index, which comprehensively reflects the air temperature, relative humidity and the wind speed, exceeds 1200. When the upper trough is approaching again, the SH moves southward and out of the Tianjin area, the heavy precipitation appears and the air temperature and SLP are lowered dramatically, which signifies that the maximum electrical load period reaches the end. The daily maximum electrical load process in summer is generally related with the synoptic configuration at different heights, the meteorological factors and the comfort index.