我国海域赤潮时空分布及其与厄尔尼诺的关系

Space-time distribution of red tide events in China and its relationship with the El Nio

根据1933-2007年间我国海域赤潮发生的相关记录和数据,分析了我国海域赤潮发生的年际变化特征,探讨了厄尔尼诺对我国海域赤潮发生的影响。研究结果表明:(1)1933-2007年间我国海域赤潮发生经历了3个高峰期,其中赤潮发生次数的3个高峰期为1991年、2001年和2003年,发生次数分别达到50、79和119次;赤潮发生面积的3个高峰期为1991年、2001年和2005年,发生面积分别达到1.1×104km2、1.5×104km2和2.707×104km2,赤潮发生次数和面积均呈现明显的波动式增长趋势。(2)2000-2007年4个海域发生的赤潮次数:东海>渤海>南海>黄海;2000-2007年4个海域赤潮发生面积:东海>渤海>黄海>南海。(3)1999-2007年厄尔尼诺对赤潮发生次数有显著的影响,4个海域赤潮发生次数与厄尔尼诺的相关程度不同:东海>南海>渤海>黄海。(4)1977-2007年发生的10次厄尔尼诺事件对厄尔尼诺年的次年我国海域赤潮发生的次数有比较显著的影响。

Based onthe number and area of the red tide events from 1933 to 2007, its annual variation in Chine Seas is analyzed. The conclusion is as follows ： （ 1 ） The number and the area of the red tide events from 1933 to 2007 go through three high level period. Three high level periods on frequency of the red tide events are in 1991, 2001 and 2003, with 50, 70 and 119 times. Three high level periods on its area are in 1991, 2001, 2005, with 1.1 × 10^4 km^2, 1. 5 × 10^4 km^2 and 2. 707 × 10^4 km^2. Both frequency and the area showed wavy rising. （2） The number of red tide events in the China Sea is the East China Sea 〉 the South China Sea 〉 the Bohai Sea 〉 the Yellow Sea, and area of red tide events is the East China Sea 〉 the Bohai Sea 〉 the Yellow Sea 〉 the South China Sea. （3） El Nino has evidently influenced to frequency of red tide events in China Sea from 1999 -2007 ,and it＇s different in the China sea ：the East China 〉the South China Sea 〉the Bohai Sea 〉 the Yellow Sea. （4）The influence is evident of the ten El Nino events on the red tide events from 1977 to 2007.