气候变化与水利工程安全

Climate change and safety of water conservancy projects

气候变化是目前重大的环境问题之一,水利工程是应对气候变化的重要措施,也直接受到气候变化的影响。以全球变暖为主要特征的气候变化通过加剧水文循环而影响大型水利工程的设计、运行和安全等。全球变暖将导致海平面上升,暴雨洪水和干旱极端事件的强度和频次增加,将影响到水利工程的相关设计标准的确定。极端低温和长期干旱高温等极端天气事件也将降低大坝安全系数。

The climate change is one of the important environmental issues, and water conservancy projects are main measures to cope with the climate change. The climate change will have effect on the design standards, operation schemes, and safety of water projects through accelerating the hydrological cycle. Under the global warming, due to the sea level rise, the increase in frequency and intensity of extreme storms and droughts, the design standards need to be improved to some extent. The long-term drought will significantly affect the safety operation of water projects, meanwhile, the extremely durative heat wave or cold wave will possibly reduce the factor of safety of dams as well.