基于有限元分析的细小圆凸模结构优化设计

Structure Optimization Design for Pin Round Punch Based on FEA

针对在不锈钢板材上冲小孔过程中经常出现的细小圆凸模断裂问题,采用有限元分析(FEA)方法对细小圆凸模结构进行分析与优化。选取对模具寿命影响较大的四个因素作为设计变量,以减小凸模应力集中因子与最大von Misses应力的乘积为优化目标,建立细小圆凸模结构优化的数学模型。利用ANSYS软件对优化模型进行寻优,优化结果表明:在抗断裂方面,B型圆凸模优于A型圆凸模;当凸模导向部位与工作部位的过渡圆角半径为10mm时,细小圆凸模的抗断裂失效能力最强。另外,采用工作部位在卸料板中处于自由状态且工作部位高度L0=2mm的细小圆凸模结构冲压厚度t=1mm的不锈钢材料时,细小圆凸模的寿命最长。现场实验结果与模拟优化结果相当接近。

To solve the fracture problem of pin round punch when stamping small holes on stainless steel sheets, the structure optimization design of pin round punch was presented based on finite element analysis. First, four important factors were selected as the design variables, arid the optimization mathematic model aiming to reduce the product of the stress concentration factor and the maximal von Misses stress was constructed. Then, the optimization process was carried out by ANSYS software. The results show that the B-type round punch is prior to A-type one in resisting fracture, and the resistant fracture of pin round punch is the best when the radius blend between guiding part and working part is R10mm. In addition, when the working part is free in stripper plate and its height is 2mm, the punch＇s working life is the longest on stamping the stainless steel sheets with thickness is 1mm. There are little differences between the experimental results and the optimization ones.