人类理性与制度选择——基于马克思经济学的分析视角

Human Rationality and Institutional Selection——Perspective of Marxist Economics

理性是经济学研究社会经济现象与制度变迁的一个关键词。什么是理性?人类理性包含什么内容?它是怎样形成的?它如何影响人的行为和制度选择?本文试图用马克思主义的观点来回答这些问题。论文上半部分讨论了人类理性的三对范畴:本能理性与认识理性、进化理性与建构理性、个人理性与社会理性,构建一个人类理性模型;下半部分讨论了制度变迁的需求、制度选择的基础与初始条件、制度选择的主体和方式,以及制度选择与国家政治制度、文化意识的关系,构建一个制度选择模型。

Rationality is a key word in economics when studying the socio-economic phenomenon and the institutional changes. What is rationality？ What contents does human rationality contain？ How is it formed？ How does it affect people＇s behavior and the institutional choice？ This paper attempts to answer these questions by use of the Marxist theories. Three pairs of category of human rationality are discussed at the first half of this paper： the instinctive and cognitional rationality, the evolutional and constructional rationality, individual and social rationality, in order to create a model of human rationality ; at the second half of this paper , an institutional selection model is established after discussing the demand for institutional changes, foundation and initial conditions of institutional selection, the main body and mode of the system selection, as well as relationship between the institutional selection and the country＇s political system and cultural consciousness.