ABS工程塑料应力开裂现象综合分析及表征

The Analysis and Characterization of the Phenomenon of ABS Engineering Plastic's Stress Cracking

ABS塑料现实使用中经常出现应力开裂现象。为了解决此问题,本项目对有应力开裂的ABS试样和无应力开裂的ABS试样进行拉伸实验、冲击性能测试、红外光谱分析、热分解实验、扫描电镜和感偶等离子原子发射光谱分析。通过分析比较,找出开裂原因,指导材料的应用。试验结果表明:无应力开裂试样的拉伸强度是有应力开裂试样的约1/3,但断裂伸长率却是有应力开裂试样的约5.6倍;应力开裂试样的抗冲击强度下降了。无应力开裂的试样中无机填料量较少(质量分数约为3.07%)、颗粒较小、且分散均匀;而有应力开裂的试样无机填料质量分数约为5.29%。无应力开裂试样中Ti的质量分数24.33%,有应力开裂试样的Ti的质量分数35.77%,由于Ti的量增大,且颗粒较细,比表面积增大而不易分散均匀,出现团聚现象,形成应力集中。

ABS plastics are widely used in daily life, but they often have the phenomenon of stress cracking. To solve the problem, tension test, impact capability test, IR analysis, thermal decomposition, SEM and induced emission spectra were done on both stress cracking samples and non stress cracking samples of ABS. The reasons of stress cracking were found out through the analysis, so the application of the material was directed. The results showed that： the tensile strength of non stress cracking samples were 1/3 of the stress cracking samples, but the e- longation at break of non stress cracking samples were 5.6 times of the stress cracking samples ; the shock strength of stress cracking samples declined. There were less inorganic filler （ about 3.07% ） , smaller granule and much equably dispersions in non stress cracking samples; and the content of inorganic filler of stress cracking was about 5.29%. The content of Ti was 24.33% in non stress the increase of Ti and the smaller granule brought the cracking samples and 35.77% in stress cracking samples, accretion of specific surface area and the difficulty of dispersion, which caused the agglomeration and stress concentration.