316L 不锈钢的高温单轴应变循环与棘轮行为试验研究

On the Behaviour of Cyclic Strain and Ratchetting of 316L Stainless Steel at Elevated Temperatures

对３１６Ｌ不锈钢进行了单轴应变和应力控制下的室温和高温循环试验。研究了３１６Ｌ不锈钢在室温及高温的应变循环下的循环应变幅值以及应变幅值历史效应、平均应变对循环特性的影响。对该材料在应力循环下的应力幅值、平均应力及其历史对循环蠕变（棘轮效应）的影响进行了分析。发现３１６Ｌ在非对称单轴应力下的棘轮效应不但依赖于当前加载状态，而且依赖于其加载历史。

An experimental study of the cyclic properties is carried out for 316L stainless steel subjected to a uniaxial straining and stressing at both room and elevated temperature.The effects of the amplitude, the history, and the mean value of cyclic strains are investigated.The influences of amplitude, the mean stress, and the histories of stresses on the cyclic creep, i.e., ratchetting, are analysed. It is shown that the ratchetting behaviour under asymmetric uniaxial cyclic stress depends not only on the current loading state, but also on the previous loading history.