蟾蜍伪棘头虫生活史的研究

Studies on the Life History of Pseudoacanthocephalus bufonis (Shipley, 1903) Petrotschenko, 1958

蟾蜍伪棘头虫Pseudoaconthocehpalus bufonis(Shipley,1903)Petrotschenko,1958寄生于黑眶蟾蜍(Bufo metanostietus)和滨榔屿蟾蜍(Bufo penangensis),首先发现于泰国,后来在我国台湾、印度,印度尼西亚、日本。

Pseudoacanthocephalus bufonis (Shipley, 1903) Petrotschenko. 1958 is a very common parasite of amphibians in Asia. In 1954 during a routine autopsy by Dr. Lie Kian Joe at the medical school in Djakarta, Indonesia, four male P. bufonis were recored from the small intestine of an Indonesian man (Schmidt, 1971). The life history of the parasite has not been reported by previous workers. In our laboratory, experimental infection of Porellio sp. and Metoponorthum sp. have achieved the result of the larvae being infected and develope into acanthella. Which served as the intermediate host.Under room temperature of 20—25℃ six days after the Porcellio sp. ingested embryonated eggs of P. bufonis, the larva hatched and penetrated into the intestine wall. This acanthor were motile, spindle-shaped(60—70 × 24—30μm in size), coveted with six pairs' of larval hooks at the anterior end, internally, the acanthor consited of a relatively clear mass containg numerous nuclei. 26 days after infections, the acanthor become pyriform in shape, the larval hooks disappeared, internally, some larger subcuticular nuclei, distributes in the hydermis. The central mass nuclei divided into three groups. 30 days after infections, the larval penetrated into hemocoele of the host, the body elliposoidal in shape, the anterior portion formed the primordium of proboscis, central group of nuclei, the ganglion; posterior group of nuclei, eth primordium urogenital system. It is called the precanthella. Fiftyfour days after infections, become acanthella stage, it curved within the cyst, invagination of the proboscis, lemmisci appeared spindle-shaped in the body. Both sexes were diffetentriated, body 2.8—4.8 × 0.64—0.72 mm in male and 4,0—4.6 × 0.66—0.92mm in female, the reproductive system was infomed.