基于子流域的TOPMODEL模拟研究

Research of TOPMODEL Based on Sub-basin

TOPMODEL是根据水文相似性——地形指数相同的栅格划分为同一产流单元进行产流计算,但是其不能考虑降雨和地形指数统计分布曲线等流域地形地貌信息的空间不均匀性。通过对流域DEM处理,建立了基于水系子流域的TOPMODEL。该模型考虑了降雨、地形指数分布曲线等空间不均匀性。将基于子流域的TOPMODEL和TOPMODEL应用在九州流域,并进行模拟比较,发现基于子流域的TOPMODEL更能反映流域的实际情况,模拟的结果更加合理。可以预测不同子流域降雨组合下的流域出口的流量过程。

TOPMODEL（topography based hydrological model） is a model based on hydrological similarity, i.e., the grid having the same topographic index is the same unit to calculate the yield runoff, but it can not consider the spatial nonuniformity of information of the watershed topography and geomorphy, such as rainfall and topographic index statistics curve. So it cannot analysis the affection of the information on rainfall runoff. This paper attains the sub-basin from the basin＇s DEM and establishes a sub-basin TOPMODEL. The model considers the spatial nonuniformity of the rainfall and topography index curve. The sub-basins TOPMODEL and TOPMODEL are used in Jiuzhou basin, the simulated result of the sub-basin TOPMODEL is better than TOPMODEL and the simulated results are more reasonable. It can also attain the discharge process of the different sub-basins at the basin outlet and the percentage of the discharge of each sub-basin in the basin outlet. Thus it can predicate the discharge process of basin outlet of the different rainfall combinations of the sub-basin.