财政支农结构与城乡居民收入差距——基于统筹城乡发展视角

The Structure of Supporting Agriculture in Finance and the Income Gap between Urban and Rural Residents- Based on the Perspective of Balancing Urban and Rural Development

文章分析了1978～2006年我国财政支农结构与城乡居民收入差距的关系。结论表明:长期内,农村救济支出、农业基本建设支出、农业科技三项费用支出可以缩小我国城乡居民收入差距;短期内,农业科技三项费用、农村救济支出能够缩小我国城乡居民收入差距。城乡居民收入差距存在很强的惯性,这提示我们必须高度重视城乡居民收入差距问题,避免持续恶化。文章结论对新农村建设中科学合理地分配有限的财政支农资金具有重大借鉴意义。

We analyze the relationship between the structure of supporting agriculture in finance and the income gap between urban and rural residents in China from 1978 to 2006, and draw the following conclusions： First, the expenditure of relieving farmers, the expenditure of agricultural basic infrastructure and the expenditure of agricultural science and technology can reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents in the long run. Second, the expenditure of agricultural science and technology and the expenditure of relieving farmers can reduce the income gap between urban and rural residents in short term. Third, the income gap between urban and rural residents exists strong inertia, which suggests we must pay great attention to it, avoiding its deterioration. Our conclusions are helpful for scientific and rational allocation of the limited financial resources under the new rural construction .