试论阿盟决策制度与阿拉伯一体化的发展

Arab League's Decision-making System and Integration

阿盟采取国家间合作与协商来防止冲突的决策制度。理论上,这种决策模式只有在某些合作收益大于单方面行动成本的政策领域才会产生共同政策,但缺乏纯粹的区域层面上的有效运作;实践上,即使在共同利益较多的经济和安全领域,阿盟一体化也只在既定的制度框架下徘徊,仅能达成各国有限的、最低的共同愿望。本文用制度主义和一体化理论来透视阿盟决策制度的本质功能及其对阿拉伯一体化发展的影响,并进一步指出未来的阿盟选择何种决策制度决定着其一体化发展的方向和水平。

This paper analyzes the function of Arab League decision-making system and its influences on Arab integration from the perspective of institutionalism and integration theory. Arab League makes its decisions on the basis of cooperation and negotiations. Theoretically, only in some policy fields where cooperation outperforms unilateral action, can such a decision institution lead to mutual policies and unanimous actions. While practically, this system lacks efficient operations on the regional level. Even in the fields of economy or security, where member states share more mutual interests, the integrative cooperation of Arab League is confined in the limited policy framework, with minimum agreements as its outcome. Experience from EU suggests that there must be a supra-national institution to propose draft, supervise the development and implementation of the policies, and regulate the behaviors of relevant nations. The integrative direction and outlook of Arab League depends exactly on its future decision-making system.