菲律宾蛤仔的呼吸与排泄对三种重金属慢性毒性的反应

The Oxygen Consumption and NH 4 N Excretion of Ruditapes philippinaram in Relation to Response to Chronic Toxicity of Three Heavy Metals

作者测定了菲律宾蛤仔的耗氧率、氨氮排泄率和Ｏ／Ｎ比值；探讨了体重和温度等生态因子对其的影响。反映了蛤仔代谢率对Ｈｇ２＋、Ｃｕ２＋和Ｚｎ２＋的慢性毒性反应。结果表明：三种金属及其不同混合方式均对蛤仔的呼吸、排泄和Ｏ／Ｎ比有明显影响；０．０１～０．０６９ｍｇ／ＬＣｕ２＋和０．１～１．５８ｍｇ／ＬＺｎ２＋对蛤仔的耗氧率、氨氮排泄率和Ｏ／Ｎ比影响相对较小；浓度在０．１５８ｍｇ／ＬＣｕ２＋和６．３１ｍｇ／ＬＺｎ２＋以上时，对其代谢将产生显著影响；Ｈｇ２＋在０．００５～０．０５ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内，对蛤仔耗氧率和氨氮排泄率有抑制作用，并使Ｏ／Ｎ比值显著降低。

The oxygen consumption and NH 4 N excretion of Ruditapes philippinaram were determined under fasting and normal temperature (10, 15, 20, and 25 ℃) conditions. The relations to the oxygen consumption with water temperature and body weight were discussed. The chronic toxicity of mercurry, copper, and zinc to oxygen consumption, NH 4 N excretion and O/N of the bivalve were studied. The results showed (1) the oxygen consumption and NH 4 N excretion of Ruditapes philippinaram as well as O/N were inhibited by Hg 2+ , Cu 2+ and Zn 2+ , whose concentrations were 0.0005, 0.398 and 6.31 mg/L, respectively; (2) the synergic toxicity of two metals was stronger than that of separate metals.