武汉地表水对蚕豆根尖细胞微核的影响

Effect of Wuhan surface water on the micronucleus of Vicia faba root tips

采用蚕豆Vicia faba根尖微核检测技术对武汉市主要地表水(河流、湖泊)的污染情况进行了研究。分别于东湖、西北湖和长江武汉江段共12个位点进行水样采集,以源水直接处理蚕豆根尖,检测各组水样对蚕豆根尖细胞形成微核的诱导效应。结果表明,各水样处理蚕豆根尖细胞后微核率在2‰～10‰之间,其中,4个样点水样可显著诱导蚕豆根尖细胞形成微核(P<0.05),水样污染达到中度污染水平。表明该市地表水中存在一定致突变性,具有明显的遗传毒性;同时,这些污染较为严重的样点主要分布于水体流动性较差的湖泊中,因此,水体流动性的增加可有效改善湖泊水质。

The degree of surface water pollution in Wuhan was analyzed by using micronucleus test of Vicia faba root tips. The water of 12 samples collected from Donghu lake, Xibei lake and river of Wuhan along Yangtze River was used to treat V. faba root tip cells directly. The inductive effects of each sample on the micronucleus forming of root tips were detected. The results showed that the micronucleus ratios of V. faba tip cells treated by the samples were between 2‰ to 10‰. Among them, the micronucleus ratios of four samples were significantly higher than the control, and their pollution degree achieved moderate pollution level. It is suggested that surface water of Wuhan had some mutagenicity and genotoxicity. Meanwhile, those samples with high pollution level mainly site in lakes with low mobility, so it is can effectively improve the water quality of lakes by increasing their liquidity.