水功能区划在流域排污权初始分配中的应用--以沙颖河流域为例

Initial allocation of emission permits based on the water function planning: A case study of Shaying River Basin

排污权交易是治理环境污染问题的有效手段,排污权初始分配则是排污权交易制度实施的基础,在流域水功能区划基础上研究排污权初始分配问题,将有助于流域排污权交易制度的有效实施。结合我国现行行政特征和流域水功能区划成果,以行政单元作为排污权初始分配主体开展排污权初始分配研究。选取沙颍河流域为例,根据淮河水利委员会制定的沙颍河流域水功能区划及COD、氨氮限排总量要求,以COD、氨氮作为排污权初始分配的客体,通过等比例削减方法对沙颍河流域内的行政单元进行了排污权初始分配,得到了流域内各行政单元的COD、氨氮初始排放权,并将分配结果与区域社会经济发展水平等进行了比较研究,研究认为将水功能区划应用于排污权初始分配研究是一种有效的尝试。在此基础上探讨了关于排污权初始分配的政策可行性、初始分配的方法及地方政府定位等几方面问题,目的在于为将来的排污权分配研究工作提供一些思考和建议。

Emission trading is a valid method to manage and control the environmental pollution, and initial allocation of emission permits is the basis for the implementation of emissions trading system, so the study of initial allocation of emission permits based on the water function planning will contribute to the effective implementation of emissions trading system in river basin. This article takes administrative districts as the main body of initial allocation of emission permits. Meanwhile, the purpose of this article is to try to allocate the emission permits on administrative districts level based on the existing administrative features in China and the water function planning field. Furthermore, according to water function zoning in Shaying River basin and the COD, NH3-N controlling amount of emission permits established by the Huai River Water Resources Commission, Shaying River basin was taken as the case study. In the meanwhile, the index of COD and NH3-N are taken as the research object, and the initial allocating results of emission permits of the multi administrative districts was obtained through the method of proportional reduction, then which is compared to the economic level of different administrative district. The study shows that the allocation of emission permits based on the water function planning is considered as an effective method to the research. On the basis of the results analysis, a few aspects of the initial allocation of emission permits were studied to explore with the aim of future research and provide some useful suggestions to the government.