环剥及束茎对雌性不育苎麻的性别比及花粉育性的效应

Effects of Ringing and Stem binding on Sexual Ratio and Pollen Fertility of Female Sterile Ramie

环剥与铁丝束茎处理５个苎麻雌性不育株，结果表明：环剥及束茎株与对照相比，增加了着雄花节数，减少了着雌花节数，提高了雄雌性别比，环剥的效果优于束茎；雌性不育株的花粉育性与雌雄正常株相比，花粉育性有不同程度的降低，而环剥株的花粉染色率反而显著高于正常株，束茎株的花粉染色率也接近正常株的水平。这对于苎麻雌性不育性的杂交转育、选育无籽苎麻具有重要意义，同时也暗示了一条双子叶植物细胞核雄性不育系自交保持的新途径。

female sterile individuals were treated by ringing and stem binding with thin iron wires. The results showed as follows: After ringing and stem binding, the nodes producing male flowers increased and the nodes occuring female flowers decreased and the male and female sexual ratio increased. The effect of ringing was better than that of stem binding. Pollen fertility of the female sterile individuals falled in comparison with male and female fertile individuals. However, after ringing, the pollen fertility of female sterile plants was above fertile plants; and after stem binding, their pollen fertility was almost the equal to fertile plants. These methods will play a important role in seedless breeding of ramie by sexual hybridization with female sterile individuals. It was also suggested that nuclear gene controlling male sterile lines in dicotyledon may be self sterile if ringing and stem binding was carried out.