以问题为基础学习教学方法在口腔颌面外科学门诊实习教学中的应用

Application of problem-based learning method in out-patient clinical practice of oral and maxillofacial surgery

目的探讨五年制口腔医学专业学生口腔颌面外科学门诊实习教学中以问题为基础学习教学方法的应用及其效果分析。方法以哈尔滨医科大学附属口腔医院口腔颌面外科实习的五年制口腔医学专业25名学生为研究对象，引入以问题为基础学习教学方法，将学生分成4组，每组5人～7人，在教师的指导下，组织学生结合具体患者和典型病例进行分析讨论，提出诊断及治疗计划，并通过对患者的随访评价学生的能力。结果以问题为基础学习教学方法活跃了课堂气氛，充分发挥了学生的主观能动性，学生在教师的引导下学习正确分析病例、作出正确的诊断和治疗计划，提高了实习教学的效果。结论以问题为基础学习教学方法增强了学生学习的动力，提高了学生学习的兴趣和解决实际问题的能力，通过理论知识与实践的结合培养了学生的临床思维，为医学生成为一名合格的医生奠定了基础。

Objective Exploration on the application of problem-based learning method to improve the teaching effect of oral and maxillofacial surgery out-patient clinical practice teaching. Method 25 students of oral medicine major were divided into 4 groups. Each group had 5 - 7 students. Problem-based learning（PBL） teaching method was used. Under the guidance of the tutor each group was organized to analyze and discuss typical cases with specific patients, then to provide their diagnosis and treatment advice. The students＇ ability was tested by follow-up visiting the patients. Results PBL teaching method stimulated the active climate of class and induced the students to discuss enthusiastically. The students were able to diagnose correctly and give appropriate treatment advice. The teaching effect was improved. Conclusions PBL teaching method can increase the students＇ learning motivation and interest, promote their ability to resolve practical problems, cultivate their clinical thinking and conduce to the combination of theoretical knowledge with practice. It paves a way for the students to become qualified clinicians.