地中海贫血的X线诊断

X-ray diagnosis of thalassemia

目的:探讨地中海贫血的X线表现及诊断要点。方法:回顾性分析16例地中海贫血的临床及X线表现。结果:16例患者,全部呈地中海贫血外貌,12例颅骨内外板变薄,板障明显增厚,呈竖发状,4例板障轻度增厚;10例蝶鞍变浅,8例板障型乳突,7例副鼻窦及乳突气化不良;7例肋骨增宽,前端明显膨大;6例椎体骨小梁增粗,呈栅栏状、粗网格状;10例骨盆、四肢骨呈网格状。结论:颅骨内外板变薄,板障明显增厚,呈竖发状,肋骨前端明显膨大,椎体、骨盆、四肢骨呈网格状,是地中海贫血的X线特点,诊断需密切结合临床。

Objective： To research X-ray finding and diagnosis of thalassemia. Methods： Clinical data and X-ray findings of thalassemia in 16 patients confirmed by clinic were retrospectively analyzed. Results： 16 patients looked like the physiognomy of thalassemia; The inner-outer tables of skulls were very thin and the diploes of skulls were very thick like perpendicular hair appearance in 12 patients; The diploes of skulls were slight thick in 4 patients; The sella turciea were shallow in 10 patients; The mastoids were diplcetie type in 8 patients; The accessory nasal cavity and mastoids were not gasified in 7 patiems; Anterior extremity of ribs were intumescent in 7 patients; The bone trabecula of vertebral bodies were obviously grossus liking paling form or coarse reticulate in 6 patients; The limb bone and pelvis were reticulate in 10 patients. Conclusion： The radiographic features of thalassemia are very thin in the inner-outer table of skull and very thick in the diploe of skull like perpendicular hair appearance and obviously intumescent in anterior extremity of ribs and reticulate in vertebral body, pelvis, limbs bone. Diagnosis of thalassemia should be combined with clinical data.