甲氨蝶呤损伤大鼠输卵管的实验研究

Experimental Study on Endosalpinx Damage Induced by Methotrexate

目的:观察甲氨蝶呤(MTX)对假孕SD大鼠输卵管急性损伤及远期恢复效应。方法:假孕SD大鼠72只随机分4组(每组18只),3组行MTX腹腔注射:1mg/kg组、2mg/kg组、5mg/kg组,另1组(对照组)用0.9%氯化钠液。处理后10天、2月分别选取半数大鼠输卵管组织行组织学和雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)观察。结果:①MTX处理后10天的各组输卵管标本中,均出现了与MTX作用剂量相关的炎性反应,但2月时逆转至正常;②10天时ER阳性率随MTX剂量增加而下降,且ER阳性率1mg/kg组、2mg/kg组在2月时明显高于10天时(P<0.05),有回升现象,但5mg/kg组在两个时间点的ER表达则无明显差异(P>0.05);③PR阳性率10天时各组内不同剂量MTX处理后差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但2月时各组内PR阳性表达率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:MTX作用后的输卵管出现了剂量依赖性的近期及远期、可逆或不可逆性的结构及功能的损伤,为临床使用MTX行肿瘤化疗或保守治疗异位妊娠提供了理论依据。

Objective： To investigate adverse effect of increasing doses of methotrexate （MTX） on fallopian tubes of pseudopregnant SD rats.Methods： Pseudopregnant female SD rats received MTX i.p： 1 mg/kg, 2 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg （18 rats in each group） and 18 rats in control group. Tissues close to ampulla of fallopian tubes were prepared for HE staining, immunohistochemistry at the time of 10th day and 2nd month after MTX treatment. Results：Acute inflammtory response was observed in endosalpinx at different degree with increasing close of MTX in a reversible mode. Expression of ER significantly decreased quantitatively in parallel with increasing doses of MTX in a dose-effect manner which was reversible in 1 mg/kg,2 mg/kg group and irreversible in 5 mg/kg group. However, acute or long-term damage effect of PR was uncertain. Conclusions：These results provide the evidence that MTX can induce acute or long-term, reversible or irreversible damage on fallopian tubes in a does-dependent manner.