重商主义还是自由主义？--试析西方学界对中国能源外交的争论

Mercantilismor Liberalism? An Initial Analysis of the Debate among Western Academic Circle on China's Energy Diplomacy

中国国内能源特别是油气资源储量和产能有限,不能满足经济快速增长对能源的巨大需求,因此,中国不得不依赖海外油气资源来填补供需缺口。为了确保海外油气供应安全,中国积极开展能源外交,这就引起了西方世界的争议。西方的学界围绕中国能源外交的性质展开争论,形成了中国能源外交重商主义论、自由主义论及中间论三派。虽然这三大派别对中国能源外交的目标及其对西方国家和资源国家的影响等方面的观点不同,但是,三派学者们给西方政府提出的政策建议是一致的,即,在能源问题上与中国合作而不是遏制中国。

In order to maintain the secure supply of oversea resources,China actively conducts energy diplomacy,which causes controversy in the western world.In the western academic circle,there is a debate on the characteristics of China's energy diplomacy,leading to the emergence of three different schools,i.e.,Mercantilism,Liberalism and Neutralism.Although the three schools have divergent arguments on the targets of China's energy diplomacy and its impacts on both energy consuming countries and energy producing countries,scholars from the three schools put forward an identical policy suggestion to the western governments,that is,to cooperate with China instead of containing China in the energy field.