效率与公平两级优化的水污染物总量分配模型

Two-Level Optimization Modeling for Water Waste Load Allocation Based on the Principles of Efficiency and Equity

排污企业间的水污染物初始分配是完成总量控制的基础工作,为了更合理地兼顾效率和公平原则,对水污染物总量进行分配,建立了效率与公平两级递阶优化的目标规划模型.以企业总产值为效率目标,建立第一级效率优化模型,利用公平区间和满意度的定义构建公平偏离指数概念,反映企业间水污染物分配的公平程度;以公平偏离指数为公平目标,建立第二级公平优化模型,引入反映决策者偏好的调节系数协调效率和公平目标.应用模型进行模拟算例分析,通过对调节系数进行敏感性分析可以定量协调效率和公平目标.结果表明,该模型有助于制定合理、灵活的排污企业间水污染物的初始分配方案.

Waste load allocation is the basic work for top cap control of water pollutants. A two-level optimization object programming model was put forward for water waste load allocation based on the principles of efficiency and equity. In the first level optimization model, the sum of production value of all factories was maximized as object function based on the principle of efficiency. In the second level optimization model, equity distance index was minimized as object function based on the principle of equity. According to the definations of equitable interval and satisfaction level ,which were put forward by other scholars, equity distance index was proposed in this paper as a new index to evaluate equity. Adjustment coefficient that reflected decision-maker＇s preference was used to adjust the two-level object functions. This two-level optimization object programming model was applied to a hypothetical case as an example, and sensitivity analysis of adjustment coefficient indicated the quantitative relationship between efficiency and equity. Results show that this model can help to make optimum plan of waste load allocation.