布鲁菌病及其诊断方法研究进展

Progress on Brucellosis and Diagnostic Methods

布鲁菌病是当前一种严重威胁人类和多种动物生命健康的人兽共患病。由于该病临床症状复杂,引起的发热、流产等病理损害易与某些常见疾病混淆,给诊断带来了一定的困难。目前,针对布鲁菌病的传统诊断方法主要是血清学方法和细菌学方法,但由于耗时耗力或对实验条件要求太高等原因而具有一定的局限性。酶联免疫吸附试验是一种快速的诊断方法,此种方法克服了以往方法的缺点,特异性和敏感性较高,具有重要的推广价值。鉴于布鲁菌病危害的严重性和防治的重要性,对布鲁菌病的危害、症状、流行特点、检测方法等进行了综述。

Brucellosis is a wide distributed zoonosis,and a serious threat to the life and health of human being and a variety of animals. As the complexity of its clinical symptoms, such as fever, abortion, and other pathological damage, it is easily confused with some of common diseases. Brucellosis is difficult to detect in a certain extent. Presently, serological test methods and bacteriological test methods are the main traditional methods in the detection of brucellosis. However, due to time-consuming, labor-intensive request and the experimental conditions,both of them have some limitations. With the high specificity and sensitivity, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） is a new detection method,which overcomes those disadvantages of the traditional methods. In view of the seriousness of harm and the need for prevention and treatment ,the harm, symptoms, epidemic characteristics and detection methods of brucellosis were reviewed in this paper.