分户热计量收费体制中对邻户传热的研究

The Study of Heat Transfer Between Adjacent Units on Household Heat Metering

由于存在邻户传热,在热负荷计算及供热计量收费时应考虑邻户传热的影响.每个住户都可以通过墙壁从相邻住户得到一些热量,而获得的热量与相邻的面积成正比,这就意味着居住在已供暖的建筑内,即使不用热的住户也需要交纳一定的费用,作为从周围住户获得热量的一种补偿.为减小邻户传热的影响,在建筑设计时应考虑分户墙及楼板的保温.由于邻户传热中楼板传热所占比例较大,而全面保温又会使建筑造价过高,故可优先考虑对楼板的保温.目前关于热计量收费方法的讨论主要有两种观点:一是采用修正系数的方法,即对用户实际的用热量按其所处的位置的不同修正,对新建的商品房来讲,也可通过调整房屋售价一次性修正;二是将热费划分为基础热费和可变热费两部分,基础热费按面积收取,可变热费按实际用热量取。

Introduces the concept of the heat metering and charging regulation coefficient, describes its＇ calculation and the procedures of regulation, also summarizes the calculate formulas, and analyzes the effect of heat transfer between adjacent units on household heat metering, as well as the influence of different floor and different position in a building, different orientation, the area of window contrast to wall, cold wind infiltrating and the natural capacity of heat preservation of surrounding structure and so on. According to the heating company, heating price is 0.14 yuan/ kWh. Heat cost consists of two. One is basic cost ,the other is changed cost. The proper temperature being on duty is probably 7℃ when there is heat transfer between adjacient units. When nobody lives in the rooms, some cost must be paid. Also introduces the concept of the metering and charging regulation coefficient, describes its calculation and procedures of regulation.