从汶川地震看我国地震风险管理

Lessons on Earthquake Risk Management in China from the Wenchuan Earthquake

5.12汶川地震是我国继1976年唐山地震后破坏最严重的一次地震。虽然政府和社会各界在救援和重建中快速反应、积极应对,但仍暴露出一些问题。通过分析地震风险的特点和回顾我国地震保险的发展,说明地震风险虽会给保险业带来严重损失,但并非完全不可保,关键是合理厘定费率。借鉴国外先进经验,地震风险管理中可以将巨灾风险证券化作为地震保险的补充手段。以汶川地震为鉴,在我国地震风险管理中,应逐渐减少行政手段的比重,转而更多地发挥市场化手段的作用。

The Wenchuan Earthquake is the largest devastating earthquake struck China since the 1976 Tangshan Earthquake. Though the Chinese government and people response as quickly as they can, there are some improvements on earthquake risk management could be done. The characteristics of earthquake risk are anglicized and the development of earthquake insurance in China is reviewed briefly. Then, it is illustrated that the earthquake risk is insurable, in which the key point is to determine the premium rate reasonably. And securitization of catastrophe risk is advised as a supplement of earthquake insurance from the experiences of some developed countries. By taking the Wenchuan Earthquake as a reference, it is suggested more market -based instruments, rather than administrative measures, are expected to take more responsibility in such catastrophes.