几个小麦基因型苗期抗旱性鉴定及相关生理指标分析

Drought Tolerance Test and Related Physiological Indexes Analysis at Seedling Stage of Several Wheat Genotypes

为了明确小麦抗旱性与果聚糖含量和叶绿素荧光特性间的关系，选用扬麦6号、扬麦12、新春9号、Bobwhite、宁春27、CB9945、03S58、8139等8个小麦基因型，从分蘖期开始进行干旱胁迫处理，每隔一定时期取叶片测定果聚糖含量，36d后复水，统计存活率，抽穗期测定旗叶叶绿素荧光参数。结果表明，扬麦6号干旱胁迫处理后植株存活率（60．71％）显著高于其他几个基因型（1．19％～28．57％），表现出较强的抗旱性；干旱胁迫期间，扬麦6号叶片中果聚糖含量明显增加，而其他基因型叶片中果聚糖含量几乎没有变化；扬麦6号PSⅡ原初光能转换效率（Fv／Fm）最高（0．7977），显著高于03S58（0．6932）、Bobwhite（0．6879）和宁春27号（0．6285）；PSⅡ潜在活性（Fu／Fo）也以扬麦6号最高（3．9484），显著高于Bobwhite（2．7303）、新春9号（2．7187）、03S58（2．4034）和宁春27号（2．1619）。这说明小麦苗期抗旱性与果聚糖含量和叶绿素荧光特性间有一定的关系，抗旱性强的基因型干旱胁迫期间果聚糖含量、叶绿素荧光参数Fv／Fm均较高。

To clarify the relationship between wheat drought tolerance and fructan accumulation or major chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, 8 wheat genotypes （Yangmai 6, Yangmai 12, Xinchun 9, Bobwhite, Ningchun 27, CB9945, 03S58 and 8139） were stressed for water from tillering stage. Every interval days, samples were collected from each line for fructan analysis. Water was resupplied after the 36th day when all plants were withered completely by water-stress treatment. Seven days later after water supply, plant survival rate was investigated. At booting stage, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were determined. The results showed that Yangmai 6 gave the highest survival rate （60. 71%）, which was significantly higher than the other genotypes（1.19%-28.57%）. During drought stress period, fructan accumulation in Yangmai 6 was significantly increased with the lasting of the stress, but obvious changes in fructan were not observed in the other varieties. Chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm for Yangmai 6 was the highest （0. 7977）, significantly higher than 03S58 （0. 6932）, Bobwhite （0. 6879） and Ningchun 27 （0. 6285）. Parameter Fv/Fo for Yangmai 6 was also the highest （3. 9484）, significantly higher than Bobwhite（21 7303）, Xinchun 9 （2. 7187）, 03S58 （2. 4034）and Ningchun 27 （2. 1619）. The positive relationship between drought resistance of wheat plants and fructan accumulation or major chlorophyll fluorescence parameters was proved at the seedling stage, and Yangmai 6 was suggested to be used as a very potential germplasm in wheat breeding program for drought tolerance.