基于公交服务水平提高的道路拥挤定价收入再分配

Redistribution of Revenue from Road Congestion Pricing Based on the Improvement of Public Transport Services

将道路拥挤定价收入再分配与公共交通问题相结合,分析城市客运交通系统中交通出行者的出行路径、出行方式选择行为,构建基于公交服务水平提高的道路拥挤定价收入再分配双层规划模型。上层规划为交通系统优化,下层规划为道路拥挤定价收入再分配下路网弹性需求随机用户平衡。算例分析结果表明,将道路拥挤定价收入用于提高公交服务水平,相对于只实施拥挤定价而不进行收入再分配而言,私人小汽车、出租车、公车需求分别减少47350,47251,7094人次,公交车需求增加101695人次。综合考虑车辆的换算系数、客运方式人均占用道路面积和载客率,削减交通量10.70%,提高了交通运输效率。

Integrating the redistribution of revenue from road congestion pricing and public transport, the choice behavior of travel mode and travel route of travelers in an urban passenger transportation system is analyzed. A bi-level revenue redistribution programming is established based on revenue from road conges- tion pricing by the improvement of public transport service. The upper level of the model optimizes the traffic system and the lower level of the model interprets the problem about stochastic user equilibrium of road network under the redistribution of revenue from road congestion pricing. The results of the example analysis show that under the policy of congestion pricing with revenue redistribution, compared to congesion pricing without the consideration of revenue redistribution, private car trips decrease by 47 350 person-time, taxi trips decrease 47 251 person-time, government car trips decrease by 7 094 person-time and bus trips increase by 101 695 person-time. With the comprehensive consideration of vehicle conversion coefficient, road area per capita and occupancy rates, vehicle flow is decreased by 10.70 %, and the transport efficiency is further improved.