小花南芥(Arabis alpinal Var.parviflora Franch)对Pb和Zn的吸收累积特征研究

Accumulation Characteristic of Arabis alpinal Var.parviflora Franch to Pb and Zn

采用盆栽试验方法,研究了铅锌矿区小花南芥对Pb和Zn的累积特征。采用Pb0、200、500和1000mg·kg-1,Zn0、500、1000和1500mg·kg-1处理,研究小花南芥在20、40和60d时,数量性状变化及其对Pb和Zn的累积特征。结果表明:(1)Pb和Zn导致小花南芥株高、冠幅、根长和生物量显著降低,其中Pb1000mg·kg-1、Zn1500mg·kg-1处理时,降低的幅度最大;(2)随着Pb和Zn浓度的增加和生长时期的延长,小花南芥Pb和Zn含量不断增加;(3)小花南芥Zn1500mg·kg-1处理60d后,地上部Zn含量是根的1.32倍。生物富集系数为2.689,转运量系数为5.26,大于1。不同浓度Pb污染处理后,其生物富集系数不断增加,转运量系数大于1;Pb1000mg·kg-1处理60d后,其地上部和根中的Pb含量分别为对照的24.86倍和33.29倍。

Accumulation characteristic of A rabis alpinal Var. parviflora Franch to Pb and Zn were studied. Seeds of A rabis alpinal Vat. parviflora Franch were collected from Pb-Zn mine area, Huice County, Yunnan Province, China. Seeds were planted in pots for cultivating seedlings. 4 Seedlings were planted in each pot and Pb （0, 200, 500 1 000 mg.kg^-1） and Zn （0, 500, 1 000 1 500 mg.kg^-1） were added into soils. The quantity characteristics and accumulation characteristics to Pb and Zn of plants were observed after 20, 40 and 60 days. The results showed： （ 1 ）plant height, crown diameters, root length and biomass of A rabis alpinal Var. parvij：lora Franch decreased significantly with Pb and Zn treatments, while the most obvious decreases in Pb1000mg.kg^-1 or Zn 1 500 mg.kg^-1 treatments were observed. （2）contents of Pb and Zn in Arabis alpinal Vat. parviflora Franch were increased significantly with increasing in treatment concentrations of Pb and Zn in soils and the prolong of growth stages, according to correlation analysis. （3）After 60 days treatment with Zn 1 500 mg.kg^-1, the content of Zn in shoot was 1.32 times of root, absorption capacity coefficient was 2.689, transformation coefficient was 5.26 in Arabis alpinal Vat. parviflora Franch. After treatment with different concentration Pb, absorption capacity coefficient of A rabis alpinal Var. parviflora Franch increased incessantly, with transformation coefficient exceeded 1. After 60 days treated with Pb 1 000 mg.kg^-1, the contents of Pb in shoot and root were 24.86 times and 33.29 times of the control, respectively.（4）A rabis alpinal Vat. parviflora Franch can be used as hyperaccumulators to Pb and Zn, which can remedy soils polluted by Pb and Zn.