上海市公路雨水径流中重金属的形态及分布特征

The Form and Distribution of Heavy Metals from Highway Runoff in Shanghai

对上海市内环高架一段路面的5场降雨径流进行监测，分析了典型降雨一径流事件中固体颗粒物的粒径分布特征和各个颗粒粒径范围内重金属的含量．结果表明：径流中悬浮固体主要由粒径〈250μm的颗粒组成；颗粒态重金属是径流中污染物输出的主要形态；SS和重金属都表现出了较强的初期冲刷效应．通过拦截路面径流初期20％～30％的径流量，能够去除路面径流中大部分的SS和重金属等主要污染物．因此，去除固体悬浮物是治理上海公路径流重金属污染的有效途径．

Sampling and monitoring of five rainfall-runoff events from a highway in Shanghai were conducted to characterize particle size distribution and heavy metals content in different particle size. The results indicate that the dominant particles ane of less than 250 μm in all the samples. The main forms of pollutants discharge are particle-bound Pb, Zn, Cu, Ni. Analysis of the effects of first flush finds that the SS and heavy metals all show significantly first flush. Most of the SS and heavy metals can be removed from highway runoff by intercepting and treating the first 20 % to 30 % of the runoff. Therefore, removal of SS is the effective way to control pollution of heavy metals from highway storm water in Shanghai.