甲醛与苯对小鼠遗传毒性联合作用的研究

Joint Toxic Effect of Formaldehyde and Benzene on Genotoxicity in Mice

目的探讨甲醛和苯对小鼠遗传毒性的联合作用。方法将健康昆明种小鼠随机分为阴性对照组、甲醛组、苯组、联合组、阳性对照组,进行小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验及精子畸形试验。结果苯组、甲醛组和甲醛、苯联合组小鼠骨髓细胞微核率分别为(13.5±1.27)‰、(11.9±0.99)‰、(25.5±1.58)‰及精子畸形率分别为(101.2±4.22)‰、(94.8±3.71)‰、(167.2±3.78)‰,均明显高于各自的阴性对照组(P<0.01)。析因分析表明,甲醛和苯联合染毒致小鼠骨髓细胞微核率及精子畸形率交互作用显著(P<0.01)。结论析因分析量效曲线随染毒剂量增大而远离,甲醛及苯联合染毒对小鼠遗传毒性有协同作用。

[ Objective] To explore genotoxicity of joint exposure to formaldehyde and benzene in mice. [ Methods] Kunming mice were randomly divided into negative control group, formaldehyde exposure group, benzene exposure group, joint exposure group and positive control group. Micronucleus test of bone marrow cells and the sperm deformity test were conducted in mice. [ Results ] Micronucleus rates of bone marrow cells and the sperm deformity rates in benzene exposure group, formaldehyde exposure group and joint exposure group were （ 13.5 ± 1.27 ） ‰, （ 11.9 ± 0. 99 ）‰, （ 25.5 ± 1.58 ） ‰ and （ 101.2 ± 4. 22 ） ‰, （ 94. 8 ± 3. 71 ） ‰ （ 167. 2 ± 3.78 ）‰ respectively, and significantly higher than their respective negative control groups （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Factorial analysis showed that the interaction of the mieronueleus rate of bone marrow cells and the sperm deformity rate in mice caused by the joint exposure to formaldehyde and benzene was significant （ P 〈 0.01 ）. [ Conclusion] The dose-effect curve of factorial analysis is far away with the increase of toxic dosage, the joint exposure to formaldehyde and benzene has synergistic effect on genotoxicity in mice.