圈养麇鹿冬季昼间行为及活动规律

Diurnal Behavior and Activity Rhythm of David's Deer in Captivity in Winter

2008年11～12月在济南动物园,采用瞬时扫描取样法、焦点动物取样法和全事件取样法,对9只圈养麇鹿的行为及活动规律进行了研究。结果表明,麋鹿冬季行为时间分配比例依次为卧息(36.45%±7.34%)、取食(24.79%±8.11%)、运动(18.67%±5.93%)、反刍(17.50%±5.52%)、其他(2.59%±0.87%)。在冬季糜鹿的卧息在1 d内有1个高峰期(12:30～14:30),取食在1 d中有2个高峰期(8:30～9:30和17:30～18:30),占麇鹿各种行为比例最多的2种行为在1 d中是交替出现的,运动在10:30和15:30各有1个较为明显的高峰期,反刍在1 d中有1个高峰期(9:30～11:30),其他行为在1 d中发生的较为随机,没有明显的高峰期。年龄因素对麇鹿冬季昼间的卧息、取食和运动行为的影响差异极显著(P<0.01),对其他行为影响显著(P<0.05),对反刍行为影响不显著(P>0.05);性别因素对糜鹿冬季昼间的行为影响不显著(P>0.05)。

Behavior and activity rhythm of 9 David ＇ s deer （ Elaphurus Dayidianus ） in Jinan Zoo were studied by instantaneous scan sampling, focal animal sampling and all - occurrence methods： in daytime, resting 36.45 % ± 7.34% grazing 24.79% ± 8.11%, moving 18.67% ±5.93%, ruminating 17.50% ± 5.52% and other activities （drinking, defecating grooming, sniffing, standing and vocalizing） 2.59% ± 0.87% ; resting and grazing being principal activities and their peaks in the daytime ahemated each other： resting 12： 30-14： 30, grazing8： 30-9： 30andl7： 30-18： 30; 2 peaks of moving at 10 ： 30andlS： 30; ruminating between8：00 and 16： 30, other activities showed no obvious peaks.Patterns of resting, grazing and moving of adults and fawns showed significant differences （ P 〈 0.01 ） and other activities showed significant changes （ P 〈 0.05）, yet no significant differences between different sex were observed.