从唐代祭礼看唐代文人的心态变迁与文学选择

On the Changes of the Literators' Mentality and Style a Viewed from Sacrificial Rites of Tang Dynasty

祭礼是中国古代礼制的重要组成部分,其中重要的大型祀典更是国家政治凝聚力的象征,也是文人借以显露才华、表现自我的重要途径。有唐一代,随着不同时期政治风气的不同,国家举行祭礼的目的和能力有很大差异,文人随之经历了以国家祭礼歌颂升平、到整饬政弊,最后信奉民间祠祀这样一个由豁达进取、用世务实,逐渐内向感伤迷茫的心态变化过程,相应地,有关祭祀文学勾勒出由赋颂铺排到议论政弊,再到抒写个人内心世界的演变轨迹。可以看出,唐代祭礼的变迁折射了唐代文人心态与文体选择的变化。

Sacrificial rites was an important component of the system in ancient China. One of the major organizer was the national symbol of political cohesion,an important way to the literati revealing talent and self-expression. In Tang dynasty,with different political culture in different periods,the purpose and capabilities of sacrificial rites were different,writers followed experiencing the process of magnifying,deliberation and finally believe civil sacrifice,The style corresponding to the main outlines by Fu Song of praise to the way political discussion,then to Poetry Writing personal feelings. We can see that in Tang dynasty the evolution of Tang sacrificial rites refracted the changes of the Tang literators' mentality and style.