从“存在与时间”到“栖居与空间”——海德格尔后期哲学的空间化转向及其生态美学意义

From "Being and Time" to "Dwelling and Space"——The Spatial Turn and Its Eco-Aesthetic Significance of Heidegger's Philosophy in His Later Years

相比于前期把时间看成存在之领悟的境域,海德格尔后期则把空间看成与栖居一体相关的问题,出现了从"存在与时间"到"栖居与空间"的转移。海德格尔的空间化转向,一方面表现在更加强调本真时间的"同时性"与"时—空"本性;另一方面则表现在突出强调空间问题的源始性,并力图在与"大道"的关系中从空间本身思考空间问题。而大道是通过"道说"成其本质的。从"大道道说观"出发,空间是天地神人四方世界澄明、切近和自由游戏的场所,人的栖居也就是在"四重整体"中存在并"保护"四重整体。海德格尔这种与栖居相关的空间化转向联系着他对现代技术造成的"新时代的无家可归状态"的深层忧虑,对生态美学文化建设具有重要的启示意义。

Compared with thinking time as the domain of comprehending of being in his early works, Heidegger in his latex years views space as the basic topic connected with dwelling, and shifts his philosophical centre from ＂Being and Time＂ to “Dwelling and Space”. Heidegger＇s spatial turn is linked to his concept that Eregnis is speaking. Viewed from this notion, space is the sites where a fourfold word of sky, earth, mortal and divinities is playing freely. Heidegger＇s spatial turn manifests his deep concern of “the homeless state of a new era ” and has an important significance in the ecological aesthetic culture.