云南省生态环境脆弱性评价研究

Vulnerability Assessment of Eco-environment in Yunnan Province

通过建立云南省生态环境脆弱性评价指标体系和利用德尔菲调查方法确定评价因子权重,构建了综合评价模型。研究表明:云南省生态环境处于轻度脆弱的类型区面积仅占该省总面积的19.62%,主要分布在中部、南部自然地理环境条件优越,以及人类活动向有利于生态恢复方向发展的地区;中度脆弱性的类型区面积占了总面积的32.02%;强度和极强脆弱的类型区面积占了总面积的53.63%,主要分布在北部高寒山区,以及植被破坏严重、相对贫困、生态系统处于退化的地区。因此,对强脆弱性地区要加大生态环境建设力度,防止生态环境的进一步退化,降低对外界干扰的脆弱性。

The mountainous ecosystem in Yunnan Province is a complicated spatial composition of the life system and the environment system under the peculiar ecological, geographical and environmental backgrounds. Active geotectonics result in topographic unconformity; the rich and diverse ecosystems formed and influenced by unique environmental patterns in this region have attracted the strong interest of geologists and ecologists. By making an assessment index system and using Delphi technique to determine the evaluation factor＇ s weights, this paper builds the assessing model of eco-environmental vulnerability of Yunnan Province based on the analysis of result data. The study results show that the eco-environmental vulnerability of Yunnan Province is not very strong. The eco-environmental vulnerability in the study area is far from the developed cities while the vulnerability in the lowland is smaller than that in the plateau. The weak vulnerability area that is only 19.62% of the total area of Yunnan Province is distributed in the region with advantaged natural conditions and remarkable ecological recovery. While the strong vulnerability area that is 53.63% of the total area of Yunnan is located in the north part, high and cold mountains. The government should pay more attention to the eco-environmental construction work, and protect the eco-environment from farther degenerating in this area.