包头市1275名小学生近视影响因素分析

A Survey and Analysis of Contributing Factors of Myopia among 1275 Pupils in Baotou

目的：探讨小学生近视患病率及影响因素。方法：采用整群抽样、问卷调查,调查了包头市4所小学1275名6～14岁小学生,以近视学生为病例组、非近视学生为对照组,利用Logistic回归多因素分析筛检影响近视因素。结果：筛选出11个与近视眼发生有统计学关联的因素,家中有无电脑、每次玩电脑最长时间、母亲是否近视与近视关联较强。结论：把母亲近视及家中有无电脑的小学生作为预防近视的重点人群,限制学生玩电脑时间、改善家庭桌椅高差、注意读写姿势等作为预防近视的重点工作。

Objective ： To probe into the rate of myopia and possible causal factors. Methods ： A statistics sample survey was conducted among 1 275 pupils, aged 6 - 14,form 4 primary schools in Baotou. In contrast with the non -near - sighted pupils, an analsis of Logistic regression was made among the near - sighted ones. Results ： Of 11 possible factors, 3 were found to be closely related to myopia： whether there is a home computer, how much time is spent on computer, whether the mother is near - sighted. Conclusion： In order to prevent myopia and reduce its incidence rate among pupils, especially among those whose mothers are near - sighted and those who have home computers, such effective measures must be taken as limiting their time spent on computer, fitting their chairs to desks in height at home and improving their writing posture.