尘肺患者生存质量评价及其影响因素分析

Study on the Quality of Life and Influencing Factors of Pneumoconiosis Patients

[目的]评价尘肺患者的生存质量现状,分析其影响因素。[方法]2008年采用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHO QOL-BREF量表)对2007年12月至2008年12月在济南市职业病防治院和山东省职业卫生与职业病防治研究院门诊就诊和住院治疗的尘肺患者243例进行调查,并对影响尘肺患者生存质量的因素进行逐步回归分析。[结果]尘肺患者的生存质量自评分及生理、心理、社会、环境4个领域得分均低于1∶1配比的对照组(P<0.01)。逐步回归分析结果,年龄、接尘工龄、婚姻状况、居住地区、兴趣爱好、是否饮酒、疾病期别、收入评价、经济收入状况、食欲、家庭磨擦对生活的影响、是否需要经常性的治疗、肺部有无干湿性啰音、平时有无呼吸系统症状、对医疗条件的满意度等与尘肺患者的生存质量(生理、心理、社会、环境领域中的1方面或多方面)有关。[结论]尘肺患者的生存质量明显下降。年龄、家庭状况、就医条件、并发症(合并症)是影响他们生存质量的重要因素。

[Objective]To assess the quality of life and its main influencing factors of pneumoconiosis patients. [Methods]243 pneumoeoniosis patients who had clinic service or hospitalization at Ji＇nan Municipal Center for Occupational Disease Control and Prevention and Shandong Institute for Occupational Health and Disease Prevention and Control from December 2007 to December 2008,were interviewed with WHO QOL-BREF and the main influencing factors were analyzed with stepwise regression analysis. [Results]The average score of own judgment of quality of life and the average scores of physical,psychological,social and environmental domains were lower than the control group which was matched by 1 ： 1 （ P 〈0. 01）. Stepwise regression analysis found that age,length of contacting dust, marriage,dwell region,interest,drinking, disease stage, appreciation of income,income, appetite, family scrape, requirement of usual treatment, having dry rattle or moist rattle, having symptom of respiratory system normally, degree of satisfaction of medical conditions et al were correlated with the quality of life of pneumoconiosis patients（one or most of physical,psychological,social and environmental domains）. [Conclusion]Quality of life of pneumoconiosis patients were lower statistically. Age, family status,medical condition and complications were the main influencing factors of their quality of life.