1996～2007年北京市顺义区麻疹发病特征分析

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics of Measles in Shunyi of Beijing City from 1996 to 2007

[目的]了解北京市顺义区1996-2007年麻疹发病特征，为制订消除麻疹策略提供依据。[方法]对麻疹病例发病构成进行描述流行病学分析。[结果]1996～2007年累计发病357例，累计发病率4．86／10万，2005年发病明显增高（137例），发病率为18．60／10万。不同年份间发病率的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。麻疹主要发生在1～6月，占80．95％；发病年龄主要集中在0～19岁，占66．67％，0岁组发病最高，占29．97％，20岁以上成人麻疹发病高峰得到有效控制；发病人群主要是流动人口，占69．23％，职业主要是散居儿童和学生。[结论]顺义区麻疹发病的主要人群是15岁以下学生和散居儿童，成人麻疹发病高峰得到有效控制。应继续坚持流动人口的成人麻疹疫苗季节性强化免疫，同时提高2剂次麻疹减毒活疫苗（MV）接种率和满8月龄婴儿MV及时接种率，做好2～7岁儿童第2剂次MV接种，建立和完善查验预防接种证制度，以控制15岁以下小年龄组人群发病。

[Objective]To know epidemiological characteristics of measles in Shunyi of Beijing city from 1996 to 2007 and provide evidence for specific strategies and measures of measles prevention and control. [Methods] Epiderniological characteristics of measles were analyzed with descriptive epidemiological method. [Results]357 cases were reported from 1996 to 2007, the incidence rate was 4.86/100 000, the highest incidence rate was 18. 60/100 000 in 2005. There was a difference of the incidence in different years（ P 〈0.01）. Most of measles cases were reported from January to June, accounting for 80.95 %. The proportion of measles cases aged 0-19 years old was 66.67% , The highest incidence was among the children aged 0, accounting for 29.97%. The morbidity of measles among the people aged over 20 was well controlled. Most of the measles cases occurred in floating people, accounting for 69.23% , especially the children living scattered and students. [Conclusions]The main prevalence of measles was among the students under 15 and children living scattered in Shunyi. The high incidence in adults was effectively controlled. Seasonal measles supplementary immunization for floating population must be strengthened. The coverage of 2 doses of MV and timely coverage for the children aged 8 months should be improved. Measles vaccination of the second dose should be completed for the children aged from 2 to 7 years old, immunization card check system must be established and completed in order to control the prevalence among the children under 15.