蛛网膜下腔出血并发低钠血症的诊断及治疗

Diagnosis and treatment of hyponatremia after subarachnoid hemorrhage

目的通过分析蛛网膜下腔出血并发低钠血症的发病机制、临床特点、实验室检查及治疗,提高对蛛网膜下腔并发低钠血症的诊断及治疗水平。方法回顾分析23例蛛网膜下腔出血并发低钠血症临床特点、实验室检查、诊断及治疗情况。结果23例蛛网膜下腔出血并发低钠血症患者平均年龄46岁,其原发病为蛛网膜下腔出血,临床表现为纳差、恶心、呕吐、嗜睡、烦躁、精神萎靡及乏力,低钠血症多发生在蛛网膜下腔出血的2～3周,经及时诊断、补盐或限水治疗,预后良好。结论早期分析和治疗低钠血症对蛛网膜下腔出血治疗至关重要。

Objective To improve the diagnosis and treatment,the clinical,laboratory characteristics of hyponatremia after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Methods The underlying disease,clinical and laboratory characteristics,diagnosis and treatments of 13 patients were reviewed retrospectively. Results The average age was 46 years old. Primary disease was subarachnoid hemorrhage. The symptoms were inappetence,nausea,vomiting, peevish,sleepy and fatigue. Hyponatremia usually occurred in second or third week after subarachnoid hemorrhage. The outcome was good by an early right diagnosis and treatment of supplying salt or restricting water. Conclusion An early right diagnosis and treatment are very important for subarachnoid hemorrhage with the hyponatremia.