刚地弓形虫感染昆明种及Babl/c小鼠的病理特征研究

Study of pathological characteristics in Kunming mice and Babl/c mice infected with toxoplasma gondii

目的研究弓形虫感染昆明种及Babl/c小鼠的病理特征。方法分别以刚地弓形虫速殖子感染昆明种及Babl/c小鼠,观察小鼠感染发病情况,并用病理组织切片,直接染色或免疫组化法检测小鼠体内弓形虫包囊或抗原。正常对照组小鼠未感染弓形虫。结果两种小鼠对刚地弓形虫均易感,昆明种小鼠感染刚地弓形虫后2、3d开始发病,感染后7～10d死亡,死亡率95.00%;Babl/c小鼠于感染后4、5d开始发病,呈一过性急性发作,绝大多数小鼠能度过急性期逐步恢复而长期存活,仅少数小鼠死亡,死亡率为10.00%。昆明种小鼠感染后主要表现为肝细胞变性、坏死、大量炎细胞浸润,小肠黏膜坏死脱落,腹腔内可见大量弓形虫速殖子;Babl/c小鼠在急性感染期表现为肝细胞水变性,腹腔内可见弓形虫速殖子,度过急性期后继续存活的小鼠体内虽未见到大量包囊、但在肝、脑等组织中可检出弓形虫抗原。对照组小鼠在实验期间无任何异常。结论两种小鼠对刚地弓形虫的易感性不同,Babl/c鼠感染弓形虫后经历了急性和慢性感染的转换过程,是研究弓形虫感染与免疫的良好模型。

[Objective] To study the pathological changes in Kunming mice and Babl/c mice infected with toxo- plasma gondii. [Methods] Kunming mice and Babl/c mice were infected with toxoplasma tachyzoite by intraperitoneal injection. Then, the infection rate and pathological histology were observed in infected mice. The control mice only received an injection of same amount of saline. [Results] The two kind of mice were susceptible to toxoplasma gondii. The Kunming mice showed infection at 2nd-3rd day postinoculated, and died at 7th-10th day postinfeetion. The mortality was 95.00%. The hepatocyte denaturation and necrosis were observed. And a lot of toxoplasma tachyzoites could be obtained from abdominal cavity. But in Babl/c mice, the onset of the sickness was at 4th - 5th day postinfection. Most mice could live through the acute stage of infection. The mortality was only 10.00%. The toxo- plasma antigen could be detected in mouse liver and brain, Although the cyst could not be found. All control mice were normal in the research time. [Conclusion] The suseeptibillty of toxoplasma infection in these two kinds of mice were different. The Babl/c mouse probably is a good model to research the toxoplasma infection and immunity.