控释肥在黑麦草草坪中氮素淋失的研究

Nitrogen Leaching Loss of Controlled-Release Fertilizers on Ryegrass Turfgrass

草坪施肥后氮素的大量淋失一直是草坪管理中急需解决的关键问题之一,通过盆栽试验研究了金正大4种草坪专用控释肥与普通尿素在黑麦草草坪中氮素淋失情况。结果表明,控释肥养分释放缓慢,较为适合黑麦草需肥特点,能明显减少淋滤液中的氮素含量,提高氮素利用率。各控释肥处理淋滤液pH和EC值较稳定,硝态氮和铵态氮的总含量较小,氮素淋失率比普通尿素平均低30%,氮素利用率高出1-2.5倍。与普通尿素相比,控释肥更能提高氮素利用率,降低氮素淋失率,有利于节约资源,减少环境污染,更适于在草坪上推广应用。

The N loss after lawn fertilization has been one of a key issue in turf management. The nitrogen leaching loss of 4 turfgrass controlled-released fertilizers： Kingenta turf 1, Kingenta turf 2, Kingenta turf 3, Kingenta turf 4 and urea on ryegrass lawn was studied through pot experiment. The results showed that the release characteristics of controlled release fertilizer fitted well with the growth condition of ryegrass and reduced the loss of nitrogen in leachate. The pH and EC in leachate of all controlled-released fertilizer treatments were more stable and the loss of NO3^- -N, NH4^＋ -N in leachate was less compared to urea treatment. The average N loss rate was lower by 30% and the N use efficiency was higher by 1-2.5 times compared to urea. The research indicated that the controlled-release fertilizer could improve nitrogen use efficiency, reduce environment pollution, and was more applicable as lawn fertilizer.