新疆建设用地变化及驱动力研究

Study on Construction Land Change and Its Driving Forces of Xinjiang

在分析新疆1996-2007年建设用地扩张的数量变化、扩张速率和用地结构变化的区域差异的基础上,借用数理统计学多元回归方法,探讨了建设用地扩张的主要驱动因子及其影响程度。研究表明,近十几年来,新疆建设用地数量呈总量上升趋势,其扩张速率呈现出平缓-快速-平缓的波动变化。人均建设用地面积偏大,2007年为589.11 m2/人,约为全国人均建设用地的2.37倍。建设用地中以独立工矿、基础设施用地扩张速率最大,城镇、农村居民点次之,而港口码头、特殊用地有一定程度的负增长。建设用地扩张的空间差异明显,天山北坡经济带的设市城市和南疆的巴音郭楞州扩张速度较快,扩张速度较慢的是沿边的地州。人口增加、经济发展、产业结构调整和土地政策成为新疆建设用地扩张的主要驱动因子。

The construction land change is one of the maintain research content on the land use and land cover change. Based on the analysis of the amount change, expansion rate, land structure variety and regional difference of the construction land in Xinjiang from 1996 to 2007, the present paper studies the main driving forces and their effects of the change of construction land. Firstly, the results show that the amount of the construction land has the trend of going up while the expansion rate presents by the slow-fast-slow fluctuant change during the past 11 years and the per construction land level is high, approximately for national per construction land＇s 2.37 times in 2007. Secondly, there are distinct quantitative differences in the categories of construction land change. The expansion speed of industrial-mining sites land and public infrastructure land is the fast. The cities, towns and rural residential land take second place. But the port terminals land and the special land have negative growth. Thirdly, there are distinct spatial differences in the construction land change. The speed of construction land expansion is rapid in the Tianshan mountain north slope economic development belt and Bayingolin prefecture of Xinjiang, while the speed is slow in the bordering places. Finally, the main driving forces of construction land change in Xinjiang are the growth of population, the economic development, the adjustment of industrial structure and the land policy.