呈现形式对于空间工作记忆的影响

Effect of presenting modalities on spatial working memory

实验1比较了被试通过图片和文字布局示意两种呈现形式学习空间布局信息之后进行空间定位的成绩比较,结果发现两种条件下被试在正确率上没有显著差异,但是图片示意的反应比文字示意要快。实验2比较了文字故事叙述和文字布局示意两种呈现形式的空间定位成绩,两种条件下的正确率和反应时没有显著差异。而朝向效应在三种呈现形式条件下均有出现。所以,通过各种呈现形式获得的纯粹的空间信息在工作记忆中的存储机制是相同的。

Performance of spatial target locating was compared after learning materials presented by different modalities. In Experiment 1 the advantage of pictorial map was found in response time, but the accuracy was equal between pictorial and literal maps. In Experiment 2 the response time and accuracy were both equal between narratives and literal maps. Orientation-specific effect appeared in all the presenting modalities. In conclusion, the storing mechanisms of pure spatial information are the same among different presenting modalities.