正念禅修在心理治疗和医学领域中的应用

Mindfulness Meditation and Its Application in Psychotherapy and Medicine

正念禅修渊源于南传佛教中的毗婆舍那禅修传统,指透过如实观察身心变化实相而达至烦恼解脱的禅修方法,于20世纪80年代初被引入心理治疗和医学领域后,其临床应用和相关研究日益增多。本文主要介绍了其中最为突出的正念减压疗法(MBSR)、正念认知行为治疗(MBCT)、辩证行为治疗(DBT),以及正念在创伤治疗中的应用情况;并综述了正念疗法在医疗保健和心理治疗领域的应用、疗效、作用机制等方面的相关研究。

Mindfulness meditation, groun from cultivated and developed through Southern Theravada Buddhism meditation, Vipassana,has been psychotherapically and clinically applied since the early 1980s. Its relative researches are expanding now. Three topic were discussed in this paper： the religion source of mindfulness meditation and its psychological operational definition; the introduction of mindfulness-based stress reduction （MBSR）, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy（MBCT） and dialectical behaveior therapy（DBT） ; the review of relative researches： the curative effect of the therapy, and the mechanism of mindfulness, etc.