蛋白质新功能定向进化研究策略

Strategies for Introduction of Novel Protein Functions through Directed Evolution

利用定向进化策略改造蛋白质功能已经在农业、工业和医药等领域得到了广泛的应用。蛋白质工程的最新进展是利用定向进化策略对自然界蛋白质引入新功能,但由于其决定因素比较复杂,是研究者面临的一个重大挑战。详细介绍了国外近年发展的蛋白质新功能定向进化研究策略:对传统突变体库构建策略进行改进以及非同源重组改造技术的开发,是早期引入蛋白质新功能的常用手段,利用计算/理性设计与定向进化相结合引入蛋白质新功能是近年定向进化研究的一个重大突破,而噬菌体展示技术是蛋白质新功能筛选的主要策略。蛋白质新功能的分子进化模型已逐渐成为蛋白质工程改造的新思路。

Directed evolution as an effective technique to engineer enzymes for the requirements of industrial, medical and research application,have been used in protein engineering to introduce novel functions to natural protein, with many limited factors being existed. This review aimed to introduce several strategies for introduction of novel protein functions through directed evolution. The improvement of traditional strategies for Sequence diversity library Creation, techniques for nonhomologous recombination and rational/computational design have been proved as effective methods for introduction of novel protein functions, Phage display is considered as the main screening strategy for novel protein functions. Molecular evolution model has been paid special attention for obtaining novel protein functions.